你可以从以下几点着手:
一.餐桌礼仪概述
1. 餐桌礼仪在中西方文化发展中的地位与作用.
二. 各国间不同的饮食文化
1. 我国饮食文化的发展及餐桌礼仪的形成.
2. 英、法、美、意等国家的饮食文化发展及餐桌礼仪的形成.
3. 用我国的典型食品北京烤鸭与西方国家的火鸡进行对比从而进一步比较两者差异.
4. 从差异中寻求中西文化间的共同点.
5. 形成中西方文化差异的根源.
Table Manners
The main difference between Chinese and W estern eating habits is that unlike the West, where everyone has their own plate of food, in China the dishes are placed on the table and everybody shares. If you are being treated by a Chinese host, be prepared for a ton of food. Chinese are very proud of their culture of food and will do their best to give you a taste of many different types of cuisine. Among friends, they will just order enough for the people there. If they are taking somebody out for dinner and the relationship is polite to semi-polite, then they will usually order one more dish than the number of guests (e.g.four people, five dishes). If it is a business dinner or a very formal occasion, there is likely to be a huge amount of food that will be impopssible to finish.
A typical meal starts with garlic. These are followed by the main courses, hot meat and vegetable dishes. Finally a soup is brought out, which is followed by the starchy "staple"food, which is usually rice or noodles or sometimes dumplings. Many Chinese eat rice (or noodles or whatever) last, but if you like to have your rice together with other dishes, you should say so early on.
One thing to be aware of is that when eating with a Chinese host, you may find that the person is using their chopsticks to put food in your bowl or plate. This is a sign of politeness. The appropriate thing to do would be to eat the whatever-it-is and say how yummy it is. If you feel uncomfortable with this, you can just say a polite thank you and leave the food there, and maybe cover it up with a little rice when they are not looking. There is a certain amount of leniency involved when dealing with Westerners. So you won't be chastised.
Eating No-no's
Traditionally speaking, there are many taboos at Chinese tables, but these days not many people pay attention to them. However, there are a few things to keep in mind, especially if you are a guest at a private home.
1) Don't stick your chopsticks upright in the rice bowl. Instead,lay them on your dish. The reason for this is that when somebody dies, the shrine to them contains a bowl of sand or rice with two sticks of incense stuck upright in it. So if you stick your chopsticks in the rice bowl, it looks like this shrine and is equivalent to wishing death upon a person at the table!
2) Make sure the spout of the teapot is not facing anyone. It is impolite to set the teapot down where the spout is facing towards somebody. The spout should always be directed to where nobody is sitting,usually just outward from the table.
3) Don't tap on your bowl with your chopsticks. Beggars tap on their bowls, so this is not polite. Also, in a restaurant, if the food is coming too slow people will tap their bowls. If you are in someone's home, it is like insulting the cook.
Eat Local
You can get expensive, delicious meals in any of the large hotels, but if you are looking for atmosphere, you have to go to a local joint. Not only is it cheaper, but you can get a good look at the locals and what normal people are like. And what the food lacks in presentation is made up for in the taste. Some restaurants have English menus, but don't count on it. A good way to choose dishes is to look at what othes are eating and point at it for the waitress. The other option is to play "Myatery Dinner," where players randomly point at items in the menu and wait for the surprise dishes to come. Whoever orders the braised dog heart with scallions in shark vomit sauce wins! If you bring your Guide with you, however, you can use the food guide in the back of the book to choose some safe and delicious fare.
Also, be sure to sample the local brew, Yanjing Beer.
Drining
Gan Bei!(cheers!)
Alcohol is a big part of eating in Beijing. Especially when dining with Chinese hosts, you can expect the beer to flow freely and many beis to be gan-ed.(Gan Bei literally means "dry the glass")Besides beer, the official Chinese alcoholic beverage is bai jiu, high-proof Chinese liquor made from assorted grains. There are varying degrees of bai jiu, and some are quite good. The Beijing favorite is called Er Guo Tou, which is a whopping 56% alcohol. More expensive and less formidable are Maotai and Wuliangye, which go for about 300-400 yuan per bottle. In comparison, Er Guo Tou costs a modest 4or 5 yuan per ping(bottle). If you are not a drinker, or don't feel up to the challenge, just say "wo bu hui he jiu"(I don't drink). It is generally acceptable to use Coke or tea as an alcohol substitute.
需要写论文。
因为医学专业作为一种学术性强的学科,在毕业时需要通过论文的形式,对所学的研究进行总结和概括。
医学领域的学术成果也很重要,作为一种科研成果,论文的发表对医学专业毕业生的职业生涯也有很大的帮助。
此外,医学专业论文的撰写有助于学生深入研究所学的学科知识,并促进其科研能力的提高。
同时,论文也是医学专业毕业生申请硕士和博士学位以及科研项目的重要参考依据。
在医学专业中,写论文是一项必修的课程和毕业要求,因此医学专业毕业生需要花时间和精力去撰写相应的论文,以达到毕业要求。
因此,写论文是医学专业毕业
以下是一篇关于中西方餐桌礼仪差异的论文大纲:
I. 引言
A. 主题简介
B. 论文目的和研究问题
C. 论文结构概述
II. 中西方餐桌礼仪的基本概念和背景
A. 中西方饮食文化的起源和发展
B. 中西方餐桌礼仪的起源和发展
C. 餐桌礼仪在中西方社交场合中的重要性
III. 中西方餐桌礼仪的主要差异
A. 餐桌座位安排和座次礼仪
1. 中方:主宾、主宾、副宾、副宾、陪客的座次安排
2. 西方:以年龄、社会地位等因素为依据的座次安排
B. 餐桌食物和餐具的使用
1. 中方:筷子、调羹、餐盘
2. 西方:刀、叉、餐盘
C. 餐桌礼仪的具体表现和要求
1. 中方:礼貌、热情、尊重、谨慎、谦逊
2. 西方:尊重、礼貌、尊重他人、直率、自我表达
D. 餐桌上的礼仪交流和表现
1. 中方:委婉、含蓄、暗示、恭维
2. 西方:直接、坦诚、事实求是、幽默
IV. 中西方餐桌礼仪差异的形成原因
A. 文化、历史、宗教和传统的影响
B. 社交场合和目的的差异
C. 人际关系和沟通的差异
V. 中西方餐桌礼仪的影响和启示
A. 对个人和社会的影响
B. 在跨文化交流中的重要性
C. 对中西方文化交流和融合的启示
VI. 结论
A. 中西方餐桌礼仪差异的总结
B. 中西方餐桌礼仪差异的意义和价值
C. 中西方餐桌礼仪的发展趋势和融合
根据此大纲,您可以进行深入的文献调研和案例分析,以更好地理解中西方餐桌礼仪的差异及其形成原因。在撰写论文时,请注意保持客观、公正的态度,避免对任何一方的偏见和歧视。
问达院系介绍Jining Medical University济宁医学院中西医结合学院怎么样?设有哪些专业?济宁医学院的中西医结合学院师资力量如何?专业学习方向是哪些?整体实力怎么样?济宁医学院的中西医结合学院师资力量如何?专业学习方向是哪些?整体实力怎么样? Add Comment Invite to answer Report Share1 Followed Add Comment Invite to answer Report 模拟志愿填报 1Follower1 answerMG275 ~接下来我为大家简单介绍一下我们济宁医学院的中西医结合学院开设的专业以及研究情况 专业设置:中西医临床医学、临床医学(全科医学方向)中西医结合学院目前开设有中西医临床医学、临床医学(全科医学方向)两个本科专业(或专业方向),现有在校生500人。自2017年秋季起开始招收针灸推拿学专业(5年制本科)50人,同时招收分别面向济宁、泰安、枣庄、菏泽就业的临床医学(省属免费医学生,5年制本科)共132人。中西医结合学院现有教职工24人,其中专任教师18人,博士学历5人,硕士学历10人,副教授以上职称10人。全部为双师型教师。师资学历层次较高。中西医结合临床为山东省中医药重点学科。 2016年中西医临床医学专业被列为学校特色专业建设点,2017年初以中西医临床医学专业为核心专业获得山东省教育厅高水平应用型自筹经费专业群建设项目立项。学院教师围绕教学工作积极开展科学研究,近年来共承担校级以上科研课题47项,其中国家自然科学基金项目1项,省自然科学基金项目2项,厅(局)级项目21项,多项科研成果获省部级、厅局级奖励,并在国内外期刊杂志上发表SCI等各级各类论文87篇,出版著作20部。学院遵循“学科-专业-课程”一体化建设发展思路,以教学促进科研,科研反哺教学为原则,定期举办学术讨论、学习交流活动,促使学科发展动态、优秀成果进课堂。通过营造中医药“经典传承”文化,引导学生关注中医药发展,培养学生的科研思维,鼓励学生参与老师的科研项目和申报大学生创新创业项目等。多年来,学院始终坚持以培养适应社会经济发展和医药卫生事业需要的“品德高尚、业务精湛、身心健康”的高素质应用型医学人才为目标,强化教学质量,学生培养质量逐年提高。为了提高学生兴趣和学习效率,注重加强班级学风建设,实行“专业导师制”、举办“中医经典诵读”大赛、成立学生“远志中医论坛”,为提高学生专业兴趣、培养学生自主学习起到了积极的推动作用。中西医结合学院学生刻苦学习,学风优良,连续多届毕业生考研录取率在40%以上,多名同学考取了浙江大学、上海交通大学、中南大学、解放军301医院、吉林大学、天津医科大学、中国医科大学等著名院校或科研院所。连续近两年中,两个宿舍同住的12名学生全部考上研究生。历年来该专业学生就业前景良好,2016届毕业生年底就业率达到98.85%。 ~欢迎大家来我们济宁医学院读书,我们中西医结合学院的同学个个都很热情的偶 ~接下来我为大家简单介绍一下我们济宁医学院的中西医结合学院开设的专业以及研究情况 专业设置:中西医临床医学、临床医学(全科医学方向)中西医结合学院目前开设有中西医临床医学、临床医学(全科医学方向)两个本科专业(或专业方向),现有在校生500人。自2017年秋季起开始招收针灸推拿学专业(5年制本科)50人,同时招收分别面向济宁、泰安、枣庄、菏泽就业的临床医学(省属免费医学生,5年制本科)共132人。中西医结合学院现有教职工24人,其中专任教师18人,博士学历5人,硕士学历10人,副教授以上职称10人。全部为双师型教师。师资学历层次较高。中西医结合临床为山东省中医药重点学科。 2016年中西医临床医学专业被列为学校特色专业建设点,2017年初以中西医临床医学专业为核心专业获得山东省教育厅高水平应用型自筹经费专业群建设项目立项。学院教师围绕教学工作积极开展科学研究,近年来共承担校级以上科研课题47项,其中国家自然科学基金项目1项,省自然科学基金项目2项,厅(局)级项目21项,多项科研成果获省部级、厅局级奖励,并在国内外期刊杂志上发表SCI等各级各类论文87篇,出版著作20部。学院遵循“学科-专业-课程”一体化建设发展思路,以教学促进科研,科研反哺教学为原则,定期举办学术讨论、学习交流活动,促使学科发展动态、优秀成果进课堂。通过营造中医药“经典传承”文化,引导学生关注中医药发展,培养学生的科研思维,鼓励学生参与老师的科研项目和申报大学生创新创业项目等。多年来,学院始终坚持以培养适应社会经济发展和医药卫生事业需要的“品德高尚、业务精湛、身心健康”的高素质应用型医学人才为目标,强化教学质量,学生培养质量逐年提高。为了提高学生兴趣和学习效率,注重加强班级学风建设,实行“专业导师制”、举办“中医经典诵读”大赛、成立学生“远志中医论坛”,为提高学生专业兴趣、培养学生自主学习起到了积极的推动作用。中西医结合学院学生刻苦学习,学风优良,连续多届毕业生考研录取率在40%以上,多名同学考取了浙江大学、上海交通大学、中南大学、解放军301医院、吉林大学、天津医科大学、中国医科大学等著名院校或科研院所。连续近两年中,两个宿舍同住的12名学生全部考上研究生。历年来该专业学生就业前景良好,2016届毕业生年底就业率达到98.85%。 ~欢迎大家来我们济宁医学院读书,我们中西医结合学院的同学个个都很热情的偶 Read moreUpdated on 2021-12-09 模拟志愿填报 0 Add Comment Mark ReportRelevant Question滨州医学院中西医结合学院怎么样?设有哪些专业?院系介绍Binzhou medical university河北中医学院中西医结合学院怎么样?设有哪些专业?院系介绍Hebei University of Chinese Medicine大连医科大学中西医结合研究院/中西医结合学院怎么样?设有哪些专业?院系介绍Dalian Medical University甘肃中医药大学中西医结合学院怎么样?设有哪些专业?院系介绍GANSU UNIVERSITY TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE川北医学院中西医临床医学系怎么样?设有哪些专业?院系介绍North Sichuan Medical College